野甘草的功效与作用. Traditional uses Scoparia dulcis.Manfaat Scoparia dulcis.

野甘草 研究显示抗病毒，抗疟疾，抗糖尿病，抗癌，抗炎，抗氧化特性。

野甘草的功效与作用

野甘草又叫香仪，珠子草，假甘草，土甘草，假枸杞，冰糖草，甜珠草，金荔枝，万粒珠，叶上珠 等

英文名稱： Beet Broomwort

學名：  Scoparia dulcis Linn.

性味  味甘;性凉，甘，平，无毒。

归经：归肝、肺、胃、肾经。

野甘草也是一种在中药材上较常使用的中药材，

功能主治为： 清热解毒，利尿消肿。

【功能主治】治肺热咳嗽，咽喉肿痛，肠炎，暑热泄泻，脚气浮肿，小儿麻疹，湿疹，热痱，丹毒。

1.治脚气浮肿：鲜野甘草一两，红糖一两。水煎，饭前服，日二次。(《福建民间草药》)

2.防治麻疹：野甘草水煎作茶饮，连服三天，(《闽南民间单药》)

3.治小儿肝火烦热：鲜野甘草五钱，酌加冰糖，冲开水炖服。(《福建民间草药》)

④治湿疹，热痱：鲜野甘草捣汁外擦。(《广西中草药》)

4.治小儿外感发热，肠炎，小便不利：野甘草五钱至一两，水煎服。(《广西中草药》)

《福建民间草药》：解热利尿，调中益肺。5.《广西中药志》：退热祛风，又可解木薯中毒。

全年可采，鲜用或晒干。

内服：煎汤，鲜者2～3两。外用：捣敷。

野甘草

部分

）含生物碱1.6%、野甘草醇（Dulciol）和抗糖尿病成分阿迈灵（Amellin）。根含甘露醇（Mannitol）约1%，并含鞣质等。根皮合廿六醇（Hexacosanol）。B-谷甾醇（B-Sitosterol）、D-甘露醇。全草含α-香树脂醇（α-amyrin）、野甘草酸（dulcioicacid）、白桦脂酸（betulinicacid）、伊佛来酸(ifflaionicacid）、无羁萜（friedelin）、粘霉醇（glutinol）、6-甲氧基苯并恶唑啉酮（6-methoxybenzoxazolino）、β-谷甾醇、二十六烷醇（hexacosanol）、D-甘露醇（D-mannitol）、三十三烷（tritriacontane）/无羁萜（friedelin)，β-粘霉烯醇（glutinol)，α香树脂醇（α-amyrin)，白桦脂酸（betulinic acid)，依弗酸（ifflaionic acid)，野甘草种酸（dulcioic acid)[1]，野甘草属酸（scoparic acid)A、B、C，野甘草属醇（scoparinol)，野甘草种醇（dulic-nol)，苯并恶唑啉酮（6-methoxybenzoxazolinene），5，7-二羟基-3′，4′，6，8-四甲氧基黄酮（5，7-dihydroxy-3′，4′，6，8-tetramethoxyflavone)[5]，5，7，8，3′，4′，5′-六羟基黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖糖醛酸甘（5，7，8，3′，4′，5′-hex-ahydro xyflavone)，木犀草素（luteoline)，6，8-二-C-葡萄糖基芹菜素（vicenin-2），蒙花甙（linarin），牡荆素（vitexin），异牡荆素（isovi-texin），高山黄芩甙（scutellarin），高山黄芩甙甲指（scutellarin methyl ester），木犀草素-7-葡萄糖甙（luteolin-7-glucoside），刺槐素（acacetin），对-香豆酸（p-coumaric acid），野甘草醇（dulciol），阿迈灵（amellin）。另报导尚含野甘草醇（dulciol）、野甘草酮(dulciolone）、脂肪油、葡萄糖、氯化钾及磷酸盐等。根皮含二十烷醇（hexacosanol）。根皮含二十六烷醇、β-谷甾醇、D-甘露醇及一种无味结晶性物质scoparol和鞣质。

地上部分含野甘草醇，野甘草属二醇（scopadiol）。

叶含野甘草醇，β-粘霉烯醇，6-甲氧基苯并恶唑啉酮，刺槐素，野甘草酸B及野甘草属酸A。

根含β-谷甾醇，二十六醇，D-甘露醇，6-甲氧基苯并恶唑啉酮，依弗酸，白桦脂酸及薏苡素。

根含β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol)，二十六醇（hexacosanol)，D-甘露醇（D-mannitol），6-甲氧基苯并恶唑啉酮，依弗酸，白桦脂酸及薏苡素（coixol）。

民間方例:

1. 丹毒 : 鮮甜珠草二兩.食鹽少許.同搗爛.水煎服。

2.咽喉炎、喉痛

中药配方：鲜甜珠草112.5～187.5克，蜂蜜适量。

使用方法：将鲜甜珠草洗净，绞汁1碗，调蜜服用。

Scoparia dulcis is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family. Common names include licorice weed,goatweed,scoparia-weed and sweet-broom in English, tapeiçava, tapixaba, and vassourinha in Portuguese, escobillo in Spanish, And tipychä kuratu in Guarani.Traditional medicineAs a traditional medicine, S. dulcis has been used for diabetes in India and hypertension in Taiwan. In Brazil, it has been used for various problems such as hemorrhoids and wounds.

mes

BENGALI: Bon dhonya.

BRAZIL: Vassourinha.

CHINA: Zhu zai cao.

HINDI: Mithi patti, Ghoda tulsi.

NEPAL: Patal mishri, Mitha jhar.

NIGERIA: Ohinohine-sessere, Ungungbuhi, Roma fada, Aiya, Ufu-ija, Mesenmesen gogoro.

SPANISH: Escobilla, Escobilla amarga.

Properties
• When chewed, bitter at first, later sweet.

• Sweet and has cooling nature.
• Considered antipyretic, diuretic, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antibacterial,
• Considered by some as aphrodisiac.

• Studies have shown antiviral, antimalarial, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties. 

Contains a trace of an alkaloid, an insoluble bitter principle, and much salicilic acid.
• Study yielded diterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, triterpenes, hexaconasol, b-sitosterol, ketone, dulcitone and amellin.

• Triterpene and mannitol isolated from the roots; dulcitol from aerial parts.

• Studies revealed the presence of flavonoids, steroids, quinone, starch, cellulose, terpenoids, phenols, carbohydrates, fixed oil and fat, and saponins in varying solvents

Uses
Folkloric
· In the Philippines, roots, leaves, and tops used as infusion for gastralgia, diarrhea, and dysentery.
· Root decoction used for fevers.
· Decoction of leaves and tops used for intestinal affections.· Decoction of dried material used for cold and fever, enteritis, diarrhea, beriberi, edema, difficulty in urination.
·
· For headaches associated with fevers, leaf or whole plant macerated in water is drunk copiously when cooled.Used as a children's remedy for coughs and diuretic.

· In Brazil decoction used for bronchitis and broncho-pulmonary afflictions.
· In the Antiles, plant used as emollient; decoction used as enema and for local baths.
· Decoction used for diarrhea, colic, and indigestion· Roots used as diuretic.· In Costa Rica decoction of leaves used as stomachic; infusion used as emmenagogue.· In India, China and Southeast Asia, used for pain, fever, dysentery, diarrhea, cough, bronchitis, hypertension, piles and insect bites.

· In Nigeria, plant used in the management of sickle cell anemia.
· In Nicaragua, plant used for malaria.
· In India, used for gonorrhea, to induce labor, and diabetes.· In India, leaves ground to a paste applied topically for wound healing.
· In China, used for herpes.
· In Burma and India, herb infusion used as mouthwash for infected gums.
· In Nepal, leaves used for stomach ache and venereal diseases. • Anti-Diabetic: Study showed the aqueous extract of Scoparia dulcis exhibited antihyperglycemic effect by attenuating biochemical alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

• Cytoprotective / Insulin-Secretagogue Activity: Study showed significant decrease in blood glucose with significantly increased plasma insulin level with use of aqueous extract of S dulcis in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Other results showed its insulin secretagogue activity and protection against STZ-mediated cytotoxicity. The glucose lowering effect was associated with potentiation of insulin release from the pancreatic islets. (Study showed significant decrease in blood glucose with significantly increased plasma insulin level with use of aqueous extract of S dulcis in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The glucose lowering effect was associated with potentiation of insulin release from the pancreatic islets.

Manfaat Scoparia dulcis :

Pemanfaatan Scoparia dulcis sebagai obat berbeda-beda untuk setiap daerah, misalnya di Nigeria untuk pengobatan penyakit Sickle cell anemia, di India untuk mengobati penyakit diabetes, di Taiwan untuk mengobati hipertensi, di Brasil untuk mengobati penyakit ambeien , di Nikaragua untuk mengobati sakit kepala, luka bakar, dan lain-lain.

  Dalam buku Flora untuk Sekolah Di Indonesia, Scoparia dulcis dapat digunakan  sebagai pengganti Opium / candu, hal ini kemungkinan karena kandungan alkaloidnya. Di Indonesia tanaman ini seringkali menjadi gulma di pekarangan dan di ladang.